Tax Online: Take your sleuthing to new heights
Time: It's your time to learn more...
Cost: Free
Earn your Deputy TaxDetective® status. Ask yourself...
- You know you saw it on the CRA website, but you were searching for another topic. Now, it’s nowhere to be found. Are you losing sleep as a result?
- There was a reason why you set the books up this way, but it’s a year later. You can’t remember why. Are you still up at 3 am, staring at the books because you can’t sleep?
- Deadline looming, forms missing... are you up until almost midnight, reading the electronic filing instructions, only to find the CRA website closed until morning?
If you answered yes to any (or all) question(s), you might be a candidate to:
1. Explore how various government Ministries interact to create and administer tax
2. Explore the Income Tax Act and Regulations
3. Explore how tax law is applied to real people by our court system
4. Review the authorization process, My Account and Represent a Client
5. Garner more techniques to search for answers about tax, for free, of course...
Below is the short course on tax literacy.
In Canada we need bookkeepers who are enthusiastic super sleuths.
I’m recruiting deputy sleuths, with the courage and tenacity of the original Nancy Drew.
Attain Deputy TaxDetective® status.
This page is dedicated to every Canadian who wants to learn how our tax system works.
I know how I learned about tax, taking CGA tax courses, reading the Income Tax Act to pass the courses, and then buying tax software, reading the forms, reading the CRA website, asking questions.
I wondered where other people go to find out about tax. Where would you go to learn? Are there tax courses offered anywhere other than by CGA, CA and CMA courses?
Here's what I found on the CRA website:
After reading this discouraging study, I wondered how hard it would be to create a curriculum for high school students and their parents. I researched how curriculums are described and created this webpage. Here we go:
The following activities engage students in planning, mathematics, law and internet research while exploring taxation in Canada.
—The target age range is 16-18 (grades 10 to 12)
—These activities allow for creative exploration of government websites, and can be used individually or sequentially.
—These activities may be assessed using the provided evaluation tools. Where possible, suggestions for modifications are provided.
Learning Outcomes
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Explore how Finance, Justice and Canada Revenue Agency interact
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Explore the Income Tax Act and Regulations
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Explore how tax law is applied to real people in Tax and Supreme Court cases
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Open your own tax history using "My Account"
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Learn how to research tax questions
Curriculum Connections
Course Content
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Finance
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Parliament
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Justice
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FINTRAC
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Courts
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Canada Revenue Agency
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Tax compliance software
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Researching tax questions
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Non compliance = convictions
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Voluntary disclosures, penalties and interest, civil penalties
Activities:
How laws are made: (Let's follow the TFSA through the process
Once the Bill is passed and the Senate approves the Bill, Justice amends Income Tax Act and adds Regulation 5000 and 5001 to describe Prohibited investments to TFSA's
Long before the Bill is passed, CRA acts like the law is already in place in order to create the forms, guides, publications, and systems to administer the TFSA as if it is law already
Where to find information about income tax:
Where to find information about court cases:
- Law student assist taxpayer with research about a landmark Supreme Court case on how to read the Income Tax Act (Canada Trustco)
- Lipson case on deductibility of interest, specifically on attribution of interest to spouse
Assessment
Knowledge / Understanding
Does student demonstrate
- awareness of major concepts?
- understanding of major concepts?
Thinking and Research
Does student
- use major tax concepts in an insightful manner?
- make links between major tax concepts that are strong and relevant?
- understand how to use the CRA search engine and site map?
Communication
Can student organize and present major tax concepts effectively?
Does student use "tax language" to research queries?
Can student determine when they require more information and contact CRA help to ask for more information?
Application
Does student complete and document appropriately:
- TD1 for employee with T4 income, a spouse, one child and a parent over 65 who lives with them
- A T4, T4 Summary and ROE for an employee
- Self-employed income schedule including asset acquisitions, vehicle and home office cost claims
- Rental income schedule
- Capital gains Schedule
- Investment Income Schedule
- Medical expense claim form
- Donation tax credit claim form
- Tuition and education transfers for spouse, child, grandchild
- Child care expenses and child fitness tax credit claim
Course introduction
Who plays a role in the establishment of our laws?
- Politicians
- Finance Department
- Parliament
- Senate
What are the laws?
- Federal Statutes
- Provincial / territorial Statutes
- Municipal By-Laws
Where do we find information?
Who enforces the law?
Why do we need law?
- Social order
- Public programs
- Services, infrastructure
- Protection from harm
How do social policies and federal tax laws define acceptable financial behavior?
- Self-assessing system in Canada
- Ignorance is no defence,
- Guilty until proven innocent
- Expected to know and comply with law
Activities to engage in to protect ourselves from harm:
- Education
- Keeping records
- Planning to minimize taxes
but only if our planning does not step over GAAR General Anti-Avoidance Rule (since 1995)
Decided cases:
- Kaulius (loss transfer - SCC)
- Desmarais (surplus strip)
- CECO (partnership / disguised proceeds)
- OGT Holdings (QCA - Quebec shuffle)
- MacKay (avoidance loss transfers - FCA March 2008) leave to appeal to SCC sought, decision delayed until after Lipson
- Landrus (non arms length loss realization - TCC May 2008) under appeal to FCA
- Remai (charitable donation - TCC August 2008) under appeal
- Lipson (attribution - SCC January 2009)
Watch for decisions on:
- MacKay (SCC)
- OGT Holdings (QCA)
- Garron Family Trust et al (TCC)
- Collins & Aikman (TCC)
- Lehigh Cement (TCC)
Part 1
- Division A - Liability for tax S. 2
- Division B – Computation of Income S. 3-108
- Division C – Computation of Taxable Income S. 110-114
- Division D – Taxable income earned in Canada by Non Residents S. 115-116
- Division E – Computation of tax S. 117-127
- Division F – Special rules S. 128-143
- Division G – Deferred and other special income arrangements S. 144-148
- Division H – Exemptions S. 149
- Division I – Returns, assessments, payments and appeals S. 150-168
- Division J – Appeals S. 169-180
Part 1.1 to XIV Other Taxes included in S. 180.2 – 219
Part XV - Administration and Enforcement S. 220-244
Part XVI - Tax Avoidance S. 245, 246
Part XVI.1 - Transfer pricing S. 247
Part XVII – Interpretation S. 248-262
Regulations
RESEARCH TAX TOPICS:
RESEARCH: ADMINISTRATION OF TAX
Keeping Records
—Tax Returns
—T1
—T2
—T3
—T4
—T5
—T5008
Representation
Security of Taxpayer Information
epass Enabled Services
CRA's electronic services overview
Individual: T1013
- Level 1 allows CRA to disclose information to the representative
- Level 2 allows the representative to request changes to your tax returns
Note Level 2 authorization does not permit changes to your basic information such as your address, identification, marital status, direct deposit or 8 digit code
Who should you give authorization to?
Consider carefully whether to provide Level 2 authorization
Adjusting your tax return may be accomplished by letter, Form T1-ADJ or online in My Account using a change request.
Business: Contact person/representative
- Form RC1 Request for a Business Number - provides for Contact Person only - must complete an RC59 to authorize a representative
- Pamphlet RC2 - The Business Number and your CanRev Accounts
- Form RC59 Business Consent Form
- Level 1 is review information
- Level 2 allows the authorized person to make changes
- Note: Unlike Individual representative, if you don't choose a Level for Business the default is to Level 2!
Adjusting your corporate tax return
GST/HST Rebates
CPT139 CPP/EI - Authorizing or Cancelling a Representative
Internet Security Tools
Canadian Legal Information Institute
CanLII is a non-profit organization managed by the Federation of Law Societies of Canada.
CanLII’s goal is to make Canadian law accessible for free on the internet
CanLII is testing a Beta version that will enhance the delivery of legislative material, currently Federal statutes and regulations and some provinces are available with more coming online shortly.
More useful links:
- Financial Literacy and Education Summit: Listen and watch the presentations: Chicago April 20, 2009
- CRA study on youth and taxes
- Financial Consumer Agency of Canada
- AICPA Financial Literacy website
- BC Education – IRP Resources
- BC – Education – Planning 10
- University of the Fraser Valley
- BC Securities Commission
- Canadian Banker’s Association
- Industry Canada Youth Initiatives
- Employment standards – school corner (BC)
From here I went on to compile more webpages:
Link to Financial Literacy Tool Kit
What's New 2009
What's New 2010